Mai ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ke ala hoʻokahi 770 mika ʻo Taylor Hillauwaia me ka 2474 mika Victoria ala lua alahao ma luna o ka mokuahi locomotive huki kaʻaahi ma Beretania i ka makahiki 1826, ua nui nā alahao alahao i kūkulu ʻia ma nā ʻāina e like me Beretania, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a me Palani.I ke kenekulia 19, ua kūkulu ʻia he 11 mau ala kaʻaahi me ka lōʻihi o 5 mau kilomita, me 3 mau tunnels me ka lōʻihi o 10 mau kilomita.I waena o lākou, ʻo ka lōʻihi loa ʻo ke ala kaʻaahi Saint Gotha ma Switzerland, ʻo 14998 mau mika ka lōʻihi.ʻO ka Galera Railway Tunnel ma Peru, i wehe ʻia i ka makahiki 1892, he 4782 mika ke kiʻekiʻe a ʻo ia ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka Fenghuo Tunnel ma ka Qinghai Tibet Railway ma Kina, ʻo ia ke ala kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua ma kahi kiʻekiʻe.Ma mua o ka makahiki 1860, ua hana ʻia nā tunnels me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wili lima a me nā ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻeleʻele.I ka makahiki 1861, i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ke alahao kaʻaahi Sinis Peak e hele ana i nā Alps, ua hoʻohana mua ʻia nā ʻaukaha pōhaku pneumatic ma mua o ka wili lima.I ka makahiki 1867, i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai ka Hussac Railway Tunnel ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea pahū nitroglycerin ma kahi o ka pauda ʻeleʻele, kahi i hoʻomohala hou ai i ka ʻenehana hana tunnel a me ka wikiwiki.
ʻO ka Shiqiuling Tunnel, i kūkulu ʻia e Kina mai 1887 a i 1889 ma ke ala kaʻa haiki mai Taipei a i Keelung ma ka ʻāina ʻo Taiwan, ʻo ia ke ala kaʻaahi mua ma Kina, me ka lōʻihi o 261 mika.Ma hope mai, ua kūkulu ʻia kekahi mau tunnels ma nā kaʻaahi e like me Beijing Han, Middle East, a me Zhengtai.ʻO nā ʻehā ʻehā i kūkulu ʻia ma ka ʻāpana Guangou o ka Beijing Zhangjiakou Railway ka pūʻulu mua o nā alahao i kūkulu ʻia me ka ikaika ʻenehana ponoʻī o Kina.ʻO 1091 mika ka lōʻihi loa o Badaling Railway Tunnel a ua hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 1908. Ma mua o ka makahiki 1950, ua kūkulu ʻo Kina i 238 mau ala kaʻa maʻamau maʻamau, me ka hoʻonui ʻia he 89 mau kilomita.Mai ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nui o nā hana tunnel.Ma waena o 1950 a me 1984, ua kūkulu ʻia ka huina o 4247 mau kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa maʻamau, me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o 2014.5 mau kilomita, e hoʻolilo iā ia i kekahi o nā ʻāina me ka nui o nā tunnels kaʻaahi ma ka honua.Hōʻike ʻia ka helu o nā ʻauwai alahao maʻamau Kina i kūkulu ʻia ma ka Papa 1 [Number of Chinese standard gauge tunnels railway tunnels i kūkulu ʻia].Eia kekahi, ua kūkulu ʻo Kina i 191 mau ala kaʻa kaʻa haiki, me ka hoʻonui ʻia he 23 mau kilomita.I ka makahiki 1984, ua kūkulu ʻo Kina i ka huina o 10 tunnels me ka lōʻihi ma mua o 5 mau kilomita (Table 2 [Railway Tunnels me ka lōʻihi o 5 kilomita ma Kina]), me ka lōʻihi loa ʻo Yimaling Railway Tunnel o ka Jingyuan Railway. ʻo 7032 mika ka lōʻihi.Ke kūkulu ʻia nei ke alahele ʻelua o ka mauna ʻo Dayao o ka ʻāpana Hengshao o Beijing Guangzhou Railway, 14.3km ka lōʻihi.ʻO ke ala kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe loa ma Kina ʻo ka Guanjiao Railway Tunnel ma ka Qinghai Tibet Railway, me ka lōʻihi o 4010 mika a me ke kiʻekiʻe o 3690 mika.
WhatsApp:+86-13201832718
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-06-2024
